However, the author of a review of the toxicity of S. Other reports of hepatotoxicity due to S. Light microscopy and hepatic angiography showed occlusion of sublobular veins and small venous radicles of the liver, associated with widespread hemor-rhagic necrosis of hepatocytes. A 23-year-old man who had taken comfrey leaves presented with hepatic veno-occlusive disease and severe portal hypertension and subsequently died from liver failure (4).Patients can present with acute or chronic signs portal hypertension, hepatomegaly, and abdominal pain are the main features.Īlkanna (alkanna) Amsinckia (fiddleneck) Anchusa (bugloss) Antiphytum (saucerflower) Argusia (sea rosemary) Asperugo (German-madwort) Borago (borage)īothriospermum (bothriospermum) Bourreria (strongbark) Brunnera (brunnera) Buglossoides (buglossoides) Carmona (scorpionbush) Cordia (cordia) Cryptantha (cryptantha) Cynoglossum (hound's tongue) Dasynotus (whitethroat) Echium (vipersbugloss) Ehretia (ehretia)Įritrichium (alpine forget-me-not) Hackelia (stickseed) Harpagonella (grapplinghook) Heliotropium (heliotrope) Lappula (stickseed) Lithospermum (stoneseed) Macromeria (giant-trumpets) Mertensia (bluebells) Myosotis (forget-me-not) Myosotidium (giant forget-me-not) Nonea (monkswort) Omphalodes (navelwort) Onosmodium (marbleseed) Onosma (onosma) Pectocarya (combseed) Pentaglottis (pentaglottis) Plagiobothrys (popcorn flower) Pulmonaria (lungwort) Rochefortia (rochefortia) Symphytum (comfrey) Tiquilia (crinklemat) Tournefortia (soldierbush) officinale is veno-occlusive disease, a non-thrombotic obliteration of small hepatic veins leading to cirrhosis and eventually liver failure (3). The main type of liver damage caused by S. Sometimes there is also damage to the lungs. They can produce veno-occlusive disease of the liver with clinical features like abdominal pain with ascites, hepatomegaly, splenomegaly, anorexia, nausea, vomiting, and diarrhea. Certain representatives of this class and the plants in which they occur are hepatotoxic, as well as mutagenic and carcinogenic. Symphytum officinale contains pyrrolizidine alkaloids, which are the subject of a separate monograph. Herbal medicines that provide more than 1 mg internally or more than 100 mg externally per day, when used as directed, are not permitted herbal medicines that provide 0.1-1 mg internally or 10-100 mg externally per day, when used as directed, may be applied only for a maximum of 6 weeks per year, and they should not be used during pregnancy or lactation. The German Federal Health Office has restricted the availability of botanical medicines containing unsaturated pyrrolizidine alkaloids (1,2). IngredientsĪctive ingredient: Each tube contains 4g of Symphytum officinale (approximately 80 pellets).Symphytum officinale (black wort, boneset, bruise wort, comfrey, knitback, knitbone, slippery root) contains pyr-rolizidine alkaloids, such as lasiocarpine and symphytine, and their N-oxides, and has repeatedly been associated with hepatotoxicity.Ĭomfrey products have been withdrawn from the market in several countries, including the USA and the UK. Consult a health care practitioner before use if you are pregnant or breastfeeding. Infants: Dissolve one dose in a small amount of water before administering to children under 2 years of age.Ĭaution: Consult a doctor if symptoms persist or worsen. DirectionsĪdult and children: Dissolve 5 pellets under the tongue, 3 times per day or as directed by your health care practitioner. They are generally recommended by health care practitioners and information relevant to one’s symptoms can be researched with specialized books or articles.Ĭlaims based on traditional homeopathic practice, not accepted medical evidence. These medicines may be used in the framework of individualized treatment that might involve different pathologies and are based on the patient’s specific symptoms. In Canada, they are available in varying dilutions and have no mention of a therapeutic indication. Password * Toon Hide Forgot your password?īoiron’s Tubes (or Single medicines) are known and registered by their Latin name, resulting in a common international nomenclature.
0 Comments
Leave a Reply. |
AuthorWrite something about yourself. No need to be fancy, just an overview. ArchivesCategories |